Justia Arkansas Supreme Court Opinion Summaries

Defendant Lee Croy was convicted of two counts of first-degree sexual assault. Following his conviction and appeal, Croy filed in the trial court a petition for postconviction relief under Ark. R. Crim. P. 37.1 for ineffective assistance of counsel. The trial court denied relief. Defendant appealed, contending that the trial court erred in finding that trial counsel was not ineffective on four alleged bases. After assessing the effectiveness of counsel under the two-prong standard set forth in Strickland v. Washington, the Supreme Court held that the trial court did not clearly err in determining that counsel was not ineffective. Affirmed.

Appellant Joe Moore was found guilty by a jury of aggravated robbery and was sentenced to 600 months' imprisonment. The court of appeals affirmed. Appellant then filed a pro se petition for postconviction relief on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel and other claims of deprivation of constitutional rights. The petition was denied. The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal and declared the motion moot, concluding it was clear from the record that appellant could not prevail on appeal if the appeal were permitted to go forward. Based on a totality of the evidence under the Strickland v. Washington standard, the trial court did not clearly err in holding that counsel's performance was not effective. In addition, because the appellant presented no citation to authority or convincing argument in his support of his constitutional claims, the appellant did not meet his burden under Ark. R. Crim. P. 37.1 to provide facts that affirmatively support his claims.

Appellant James Lumley, a prisoner incarcerated in the Arkansas Department of Correction, filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus, contending his sentence was illegal because it exceeded the presumptive sentence to be imposed under the sentencing grid and because his guilty plea was taken in violation of Ark. R. Crim. P. 24. The circuit court denied the writ. Lumley appealed, arguing (1) the circuit court erred in failing to hold a hearing on the matter or to include written findings of fact in its order, (2) the state and circuit court misconstrued his Rule 24 argument, and (3) the trial court was not permitted to exceed the presumptive sentence without a jury. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding (1) there is no requirement that the trial court provide findings of fact in its order denying the request for the writ; (2) Lumley failed to state probable cause for issuance of the writ and no hearing was warranted; (3) claims concerning compliance with Rule 24 are not cognizable in habeas proceedings; and (4) Lumley did not allege that his sentence falls outside the statutory range and thus the petition did not state a basis to warrant issuance of the writ.

In 2009, the Arkansas Teacher Retirement System (ATRS) petitioned the county court seeking a determination that a shopping center it owned was exempt from ad valorem taxation. The county court rejected ATRS's contention that the property qualified for an exemption. ATRS appealed. The circuit court held that the shopping center was not exempt under article 16, section 5 of the Arkansas Constitution because the property was not used exclusively for public purposes. ATRS appealed, arguing the shopping center is public property used exclusively for public purposes and therefore is exempt from taxation under the constitution. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding the circuit court's decision was not clearly erroneous. The evidence was undisputed that the property in question is a retail shopping center that is leased to private business. As such, the ATRS failed to demonstrate the structure is used exclusively for public purposes.

Appellant appealed a conviction and sentence to life imprisonment without parole. The appellant made several arguments, including the arguments that the circuit court erred (1) by failing to suppress evidence derived from his DNA sample and statements he made to police officers; (2) by allowing the introduction of evidence of other crimes; and (3) by excluding expert evidence vital to his defense. The Supreme Court found no error and affirmed. The Court determined that (1) appellant voluntarily accompanied police officers to the station and made a valid waiver of his rights, and therefore the circuit court correctly denied the motion to suppress evidence based on an illegal seizure; (2) pursuant to Ark. R. Evid. 403, introducing evidence of previous crimes was not outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice; and (3) pursuant to Ark. R. Evid. 702, the trial court did not abuse its discretion by excluding expert testimony on the relationship between diminished IQ and false confessions when the defendant had an opportunity to cross-examine the officers about the confession and the proffered testimony would have invaded the jury’s function as trier of fact.

Appellant was sentenced to a cumulative term of 552 months’ imprisonment pursuant to a plea agreement. Appellant first petitioned the trial court for a sentence reduction based partly on the grounds that appellant’s attorney had failed to inform the court prior to sentencing that the victim was also armed, which would have helped appellant obtain a more lenient sentence. The trial court denied relief, holding that appellant should have instead brought a petition for post-conviction relief, which appellant subsequently filed. The trial court denied this second petition, and appellant appealed both orders. Before the Supreme Court was appellant’s pro se motion for appointment of counsel. The Court dismissed this motion as moot because it was clear that appellant could not prevail if his appeal were permitted to go forward. Appellant could not establish that trial counsel had a duty to present evidence of the victim’s weapon to the court in the hopes of obtaining a lower sentence or that the failure to present this evidence prejudiced appellant because of the nature of the plea agreement.

In 2008, a jury found Appellant Benjamin Carter guilty of possession of drugs and weapons charges. He was sentenced to life imprisonment and fined approximately $70,000. The sentences were ordered to be served consecutively. Subsequently, Appellant filed a pro se motion for post conviction relief which the trial court denied. Appellant appealed to the Supreme Court, and asked the Court for additional time to file his brief-in-chief. The Court held that it "need not address the merits of the motion because it [was] clear from the record that appellant could not prevail on appeal if the appeal were permitted to go forward. Accordingly the appeal is dismissed, and the motion is moot."

Appellant Derrick Robertson appealed his first-degree murder conviction and life sentence. On appeal, he argued that the circuit court erred in admitting multiple photographs of the victim and scene of the crime. Many of the photographs included close-up images of the victim. Appellant conceded that he shot the victim multiple times, and that showing as many photographs to something he conceded from the onset harmed his âjustificationâ defense before the jury. The State asserts that the court did not abuse its discretion in admitting the photographs, and that there was no prejudice from their admission. The court sustained Appellantâs objections to some of the images, but permitted the introduction of others over Appellantâs objections. The Supreme Court found no prejudicial error, and affirmed the lower courtâs decision.